Create ISO from CD or DVD in ubuntu

Newer laptops and some PC’s are now shipping without CD drives these days. And operating systems are more capable of handling ISO images and mount them as drives, creating an easy way to mimic CD drives or isolated drives.

But how do we extract data from a CD and then create ISO from CD? An ISO image that can be mounted in Ubuntu or any other Linux distro? What about extracting an ISO image from an existing CD?

While there are a ...